Victim: Elizabeth Short aka Black Dahlia
Born: July 29, 1924, Hype Park, Boston Massachusetts
Date of Disappearance: January 9, 1947
Date of Death: January 15, 1947
Cause of Death: Cerebral Hemorrhage, due to homicidal violence
Early Life:
Elizabeth Short was born on July 29, 1924, in the Hyde Park section of Boston Massachusetts. She was born to Cleo and Phoebe May short and was the third of five daughters. When Short was 3 the family moved to Portland Maine before settling down in Massachusetts. Short spent most of her life living in Massachusetts.
Up until the stock market crash in 1929, Short’s father built miniature golf courses. Short’s father lost a majority of his savings and the family soon became broke. In 1930, Short’s father’s car was found abandoned by the Charleston Bridge. It was believed that he had killed himself by jumping into the river.
Short’s mother moved the family to a small apartment in Medford with the belief that her husband was dead. She proceeded to work as a bookkeeper to support her and her five daughters. As Short got older she had severe asthma attacks and bronchitis with the clinical recommendation from her doctors, she spent winter months in Miami Florida to live with family and friends. The move during the winter months was recommended to prevent further respiratory issues.
After three years of living in Florida during the winter and with her mother and sisters the rest of the year, Short dropped out of High School. She had been a sophomore at Medford High School when she dropped out.
Short’s mother received an apology letter from her believed to be dead husband in late 1942. He had been alive and had started a new life in California. At the age of 18, Short went to live with her father in Vallejo. She soon moved out in January of 1943 due to arguments between her and her father.
To support herself she took a job at Base Exchange at Camp cook. She lived with her friends and an Army Air Force Sergeant who reportedly had abused her. In September 1943, she was arrested for underage drinking and sent back to Medford. However, instead of returning to Massachusetts, she went to live in Florida.
Marriage and the Final Move to California:
While living in Florida Short met Major Matthew Michael Gordon Jr. who was an Army Air Force Officer. Gordon, according to Short, had asked her to marry him through letters after he was recovering from injuries during a plane crash in India. Short had accepted the offer, but Gordon was killed in a second plane crash in 1945. The death of her fiance was less than a week before the surrender of Japan that ended World War 2.
With the death of Gordon, Short moved back to California, this time to LA to visit Army Air Force Lieutenant Joseph Gordon Fickling who she met in Florida. The last 4 months of her life Short-lived in Southern California, working as a waitress and renting a room behind the Florentine Gardens nightclub on Hollywood Boulevard.
She was described as an aspiring actress but has no known jobs or credits.
The Murder of Black Dahlia:
On the date of Short’s disappearance January 9, 1947, Short had been dropped off at the Biltmore Hotel by a man she was dating named Robert “Red” Manley. Manley was a 25-year-old salesman who had been married at the time he was dating Short.
Short had been going to meet her sister who had been visiting from Boston that same afternoon. It was reported by staff at the Biltmore hotel that Short had been using the phone located in the lobby. Afterward, she had reportedly been seen at Crown Grill Cocktail Lounge.
Short’s body was discovered on January 15, 1947, in Leimert Park, Los Angeles by resident Betty Bersinger and her 3-year-old daughter. Short’s body had initially been mistaken for a mannequin by Bersinger, but once she realized it was Short’s corpse she ran to a house nearby to call the police.
Short was given the name “Black Dahlia” by the newspapers, partly because of her black hair and preference for black clothing.
Short’s body had been found cut into two pieces at the waist and the body was completely drained of blood. Her skin was left a pallid white due to the draining of the blood and her body had apparently been washed by the murderer.
Short’s face had been cut from ear to ear giving the effect known as Glasgow smile. She had cuts to her thighs and breast, where chunks of her flesh had been removed. The severed parts of her body had been placed about a foot away from each other and the intestines were placed under her butt.
Short’s corpse had been posed with her hands over her head, elbows bent at a right angle, and legs spread apart. Near to the corpse, detectives had found a cement sack containing watery blood.
Medical examiners placed Short’s time of death to be about 10 hours before the corpse being found. The time of death was either in the evening of January 14 or the early morning of January 15.
Identifying the Body:
Short’s body had been identified by fingerprints that had been sent to the FBI. The fingerprints had been sent via Soundphoto which was a device that transmitted pictures by phone. Short’s fingerprints had been on file from her arrest in 1943.
The Autopsy:
On January 16, 1947, Coroner Frederick Newbarr performed an autopsy on Short’s corpse. Newbarr noted Short had ligature marks on her ankles, wrists, and neck and an ‘irregular laceration with superficial tissue loss on her right breast.’ Short had superficial lacerations on the right forearm, left upper arm, and lower left side of the chest.
Short’s body had been cut in half completely which was taught in the 1930s called Hemicorporectomy. Short’s lower half of her body had been removed by cutting across the spine between the second and third vertebrae.
Lacerations had been made on each side of her face (known as the Glasglow smile), from the corners of her lips to about 3 inches on the right side of her face and 2.5 inches on the left side of her face. The Glasglow smile is caused by making small cuts on the corner of the mouth, then stabbing them until the muscles in the face decrease; the cuts extend from ear to ear.
The cause of Short’s death was due to hemorrhaging from the lacerations made on her face and blows to her head. Newbarr discovered Short’s anal canal had been dilated, which could have meant she was raped. Despite sending out samples for sperm, none was found on the corpse.
Aftermath:
Despite many leads and potential suspects, by the spring of 1947, Short’s murder had become a cold case. By September 1949, a grand jury met to discuss the LAPD’s inadequacies in the homicide unit and the failure to solve numerous murders.
Further investigation was done into Short’s past, with her movements between Massachusetts, Florida, and California being done by detectives. The interview had been done in both Texas and New Orleans, but no useful information for the murder had been collected.
To this day the murder of Black Dahila has not been solved.
The Suspects of the “Black Dahlia” Murder:
The investigation of Elizabeth Short aka Black Dahlia’s murder had been the biggest since the murder of Marion Parker in 1927. Hundreds of officers had been borrowed from other law enforcement agencies. Many suspects of Black Dahlia’s murder had been proposed, but none convicted.
The original suspects of Black Dahlia include Carl, Balsiger, C. Welsh, Sergeant “Chuck”, John D. Wade, Joe Scalis, James Nimmo, Maurice Clement, A Chicago police officer, Salvador Torres Vera, Dr. George Hodel, Marvin Margolis, Glenn Wolf, Michael Anthony Otero, George Bacos, Jacob Edward Fisk, Francis Campbel, “Queer Woman Surgeon”, Dr. Paul DeGaston, Dr. A. E. Brix, Dr. M.M Schwartz, Dr. Arthur McGinnis Faught, Dr. Patrick S. O’Reilly, Mark Hansen, Benjamin “Bugsy” Sigel, and Daniel S. Vorgees.
More recent suspects include Walter Bayley, Norman Chandler, Leslie Dillion, Joseph A. Dumais, Mark Hansen, George Hodel, George Knowlton, Robert M. “Red” Manley, Patrick S. O’Reilly, Jack Anderson Wilson.
Authorities did not rule out the possibility of a female suspect. However, despite this factor in the investigation, no conviction was made.
Some Celebrity suspects included: Woody Guthrie, Orson Welles, and Bugsy Siegel.
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